Expressing Cause and Effect in English

Expressing Cause and Effect in English

Expressing Cause

• Because / Since / As: He stayed home because he was sick.
• Due to / Owing to: Due to the rain, the match was cancelled.
• Because of: Because of the weather, we stayed inside.
• The reason for: The reason for his absence was illness.

Expressing Effect/Result

• So: It was raining, so we stayed home.
• Therefore / Consequently: He studied hard; therefore, he passed.
• As a result: He didn’t study. As a result, he failed.
• Such… that: It was such a beautiful day that we went to the park.
• So… that: It was so cold that we stayed inside.

Exercise

Complete:

1. … the traffic, we were late.
2. He was tired … he went to bed early.

See Comparative and Superlative and Wh-Questions.