English — Simple Present Tense (Affirmative, Negative, Interrogative) with Third Person -s/-es — Grammar Rules and Exercises — 2nd Year Middle School — Algerian Curriculum

Lesson: Simple Present Tense

Learning Objectives:

• Understand when to use the Simple Present Tense.
• Learn the spelling rules for the third person singular (-s/-es).
• Form affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences correctly.

1. When do we use the Simple Present?

• Routines and habits: I wake up at 7 o’clock every day.
• General truths and facts: The sun rises in the east.
• Permanent situations: She lives in Algiers.
• Schedules and timetables: The bus leaves at 8 am.

2. Affirmative Form

Subject	Verb	Example
I / You / We / They	base form	I play football. / They read books.
He / She / It	verb + s/es	He plays football. / She reads books.

3. Spelling Rules for Third Person (He/She/It)

Rule	Example
Add -s for most verbs	play → plays, run → runs, eat → eats
Add -es for verbs ending in -s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x, -o	go → goes, watch → watches, fix → fixes, brush → brushes
Change -y to -i + -es (after consonant)	study → studies, fly → flies, cry → cries
Add -s if vowel + y	play → plays, say → says, enjoy → enjoys
Special verb: have → has	She has a cat.

4. Negative Form

Use do not (don’t) or does not (doesn’t) + base verb.

Subject	Negative	Example
I / You / We / They	don’t + verb	I don’t like coffee.
He / She / It	doesn’t + verb	She doesn’t play tennis.

5. Interrogative Form

Use Do or Does + subject + base verb?

Question Word	Auxiliary	Subject	Verb	Example
(Wh-)	Do / Does	subject	base verb	Does he like pizza? / Do you live here?

Exercises

Exercise 1: Complete with the correct form of the verb.

1. She ______ (go) to school by bus.
2. They ______ (not/watch) TV in the morning.
3. ______ he ______ (play) football on Fridays?
4. My mother ______ (cook) dinner every evening.
5. We ______ (not/like) cold weather.

Exercise 2: Rewrite the sentences using the correct form.

1. I (study) English every day. → ______
2. He (have) a blue car. → ______
3. They (not/go) to the park on Mondays. → ______
4. (She/eat) vegetables? → ______
5. We (brush) our teeth twice a day. → ______

Summary

The Simple Present Tense is used for habits, facts, and routines. Remember: for he/she/it, add -s or -es to the verb. Use don’t/doesn’t for negatives and do/does for questions. Practice daily to master it!

📍 Similar Lessons

• Present Continuous Tense — 2nd Year Middle School
• Making Polite Requests and Offers — 3rd Year Middle School
• Hobbies and Free Time Activities — 3rd Year Middle School