مدونة التربية و التعليم في الجزائر – دروس، فروض، نتائج امتحانات مدونة التربية والتعليم في الجزائر | تحضير الدروس، فروض واختبارات، نتائج البكالوريا وBEM، مسابقات التوظيف، والتوجيه المدرسي للطلاب وأولياء الأمور.
Introduction
The Present Perfect Tense is used to connect the past with the present. It is very common in English and has several different uses. In this lesson, we will learn how to form it and when to use it.
Lesson Objectives
- Learn how to form the Present Perfect Tense
- Understand the different uses of this tense
- Use time expressions: already, yet, just, ever, never, for, since
- Practice forming affirmative, negative and question sentences
1. Formation of the Present Perfect
Affirmative Form
Subject + have/has + past participle
| Subject | Auxiliary | Past Participle | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| I / You / We / They | have | played, seen, gone… | I have visited London. |
| He / She / It | has | played, seen, gone… | She has finished her homework. |
Negative Form
Subject + have/has + not + past participle
Examples:
- I have not seen that film yet.
- He hasn’t (has not) eaten breakfast.
Interrogative Form
Have/Has + subject + past participle?
Examples:
- Have you ever visited Paris?
- Has he finished his work?
2. Uses of the Present Perfect
A. Past action with present result
When a past action has a result in the present.
Example: I have lost my keys. (I can’t find them now.)
B. Life experience (at an unspecified time)
When we talk about experiences in life without saying exactly when.
Example: She has visited three countries.
C. With “for” and “since” (duration)
For actions that started in the past and continue to the present.
Example: I have lived here for five years. / I have lived here since 2020.
3. Time Expressions with Present Perfect
| Expression | Meaning | Arabic | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| Already | قبل الآن | في الجمل المثبتة | I have already finished. |
| Yet | حتى الآن | في النفي والاستفهام | Have you eaten yet? |
| Just | لتو | حدث قبل لحظات | She has just left. |
| Ever | في أي وقت | في الأسئلة | Have you ever been to London? |
| Never | لم يحدث أبداً | مع النفي | I have never seen that. |
| For | لمدة | مدة زمنية | for two years |
| Since | منذ | نقطة بداية | since Monday |
4. Solved Examples
Example 1: Complete: She ________ (visit) Paris.
Answer: She has visited Paris.
Example 2: Make negative: They have finished their work.
Answer: They have not (haven’t) finished their work.
Example 3: Make a question: He has eaten lunch.
Answer: Has he eaten lunch?
📍 دروس مشابهة
5. Practice Exercises
- Complete with “have” or “has”:
- I _____ visited London.
- She _____ finished her homework.
- They _____ arrived.
- Rewrite using “already” or “yet”:
- I (finish) my homework. (already)
- She (not eat) lunch. (yet)
- Choose “for” or “since”:
- I have lived here _____ 2015.
- He has studied English _____ three years.
Summary
- The Present Perfect connects past and present.
- Use: have/has + past participle.
- Use “already” for affirmative, “yet” for negative/questions.
- Use “for” + duration, “since” + starting point.
