اللغة الإنجليزية — Grammar: Relative Clauses — 2 ثانوي — شعبة آداب — بكالوريا — المنهاج الجزائري

Relative Clauses: Defining and Non-defining

1. Defining Relative Clauses

Essential information, no commas. Who (people): The student who studies will succeed. Which/That (things): The book which I bought is interesting. Whose (possession): The man whose car was stolen called police.

2. Non-defining Relative Clauses

Extra information, with commas. My mother, who is a doctor, works at hospital. Paris, which is the capital, is beautiful. Cannot use ‘that’.

3. Summary

• Who = people (subject)
• Whom = people (object, formal)
• Which = things
• That = people/things (defining only)
• Whose = possession

Exercises

1. Complete: The girl ______ is sitting there is my friend.
2. Join: I have a car. It is fast. → I have a car ______.

See Conjunctions and Short Story.