مدونة التربية و التعليم في الجزائر – دروس، فروض، نتائج امتحانات مدونة التربية والتعليم في الجزائر | تحضير الدروس، فروض واختبارات، نتائج البكالوريا وBEM، مسابقات التوظيف، والتوجيه المدرسي للطلاب وأولياء الأمور.
Reported Speech: Questions and Commands
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Introduction
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Reported speech (also called indirect speech) is used to report what someone said without quoting their exact words. In this lesson, we focus on reporting questions and commands. These have specific rules different from reporting statements.
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Reporting Questions
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When reporting questions, we need to follow these rules:
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1. Wh-questions (who, what, where, when, why, how)
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Use the same question word to introduce the reported question. Change the word order to subject + verb (not question order).
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- Direct: "Where do you live?" → Reported: She asked me where I lived.
- Direct: "What are you doing?" → Reported: He asked me what I was doing.
- Direct: "Why did you come late?" → Reported: The teacher asked me why I had come late.
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2. Yes/No Questions
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Use "if" or "whether" to introduce the reported question. Do not use question word order.
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- Direct: "Do you like coffee?" → Reported: She asked me if I liked coffee.
- Direct: "Have you finished?" → Reported: He asked me whether I had finished.
- Direct: "Will you come?" → Reported: They asked me if I would come.
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Tense Changes for Reported Questions
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Same tense changes as reported statements:
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- Present Simple → Past Simple: "Do you study?" → He asked if I studied.
- Present Continuous → Past Continuous: "Are you reading?" → She asked if I was reading.
- Past Simple → Past Perfect: "Did you see him?" → He asked if I had seen him.
- Will → Would: "Will you help?" → She asked if I would help.
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Reporting Commands and Requests
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To report commands, orders, and requests, use: verb + (not) to + infinitive.
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- Direct command: "Sit down!" → Reported: He told me to sit down.
- Direct command (negative): "Don't be late!" → Reported: She told me not to be late.
- Direct request: "Please help me." → Reported: He asked me to help him.
- Direct order: "Open the door!" → Reported: The teacher ordered the student to open the door.
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Reporting verbs for commands:
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- Order: The general ordered the soldiers to attack.
- Tell: My mother told me to clean my room.
- Ask: She asked me to wait for her.
- Advise: The doctor advised me to rest.
- Warn: He warned me not to touch the wire.
- Forbid: My father forbade me to go out.
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Exercises
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Exercise 1: Report the following questions.
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- "Do you speak English?" (she asked)
- "Where did you go yesterday?" (he asked)
- "Have you ever been to Paris?" (they asked)
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Exercise 2: Report the following commands.
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- "Don't smoke here!" (the sign told)
- "Please send me the report." (the manager asked)
- "Be quiet!" (the teacher told)
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Summary
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Reporting questions requires changing word order and using "if" for Yes/No questions. Reporting commands uses "to + infinitive". For more:
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- Reported Speech: Statements – 3rd Year Literary Stream
- The Passive Voice: Formation and Use – 3rd Year Literary Stream
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