اللغة الإنجليزية — Grammar: Reported Speech (Statements and Questions) — 2 ثانوي — شعبة آداب — بكالوريا — المنهاج الجزائري

Reported Speech: Statements and Questions

Reported speech (also called indirect speech) is used to report what someone said without using their exact words. It involves changes in tense, pronouns, and time expressions.

1. Rules for Reported Statements

Reporting verbs: say, tell, explain, mention, state, claim
Tense changes: present simple → past simple, present continuous → past continuous, past simple → past perfect, present perfect → past perfect, will → would, can → could, may → might, must → had to
Pronoun changes: I → he/she, we → they, my → his/her, our → their
Example: Direct: "I am tired." → Reported: He said (that) he was tired.

2. Reported Questions

Two types: Yes/No questions (use if/whether) and Wh- questions (keep the question word).
Word order: Subject + verb (not inverted like direct questions).
Example: "Do you like coffee?" → He asked if I liked coffee.
"Where do you live?" → She asked where I lived.

3. Time and Place Changes

now → then, today → that day, yesterday → the day before/the previous day, ago → before, last week → the week before, here → there, this → that.

Exercises

1- Report: "I will call you tomorrow," she said.
2- Report the question: "Did you finish your homework?" the teacher asked.
3- Correct: He said me that he is happy.
4- Write 5 direct sentences and convert them to reported speech.

For more grammar, see Conditional Sentences and Passive Voice.

📍 دروس مشابهة:

• اللغة الإنجليزية — Days of the Week, Months, and Seasons — الأولى متوسط — المنهاج الجزائري
• English — Past Simple: Regular Verbs (-ed) — 2nd Year Middle School — Algerian Curriculum
• اللغة الإنجليزية — Present Simple vs Present Continuous — 1ثانوي — شعبة آداب — Algerian Curriculum