Present Perfect Tense: Formation, Uses and Signal Words with BAC Exercises — الإنجليزية — الأولى ثانوي — المنهاج الجزائري

Lesson Objectives

• Learn the formation of Present Perfect Tense (affirmative, negative, interrogative)
• Understand when to use Present Perfect vs Past Simple
• Master signal words (already, yet, just, ever, never, since, for)
• Practice with BAC-style exercises

1. Formation of Present Perfect

Structure: Subject + have/has + past participle (V3)

Affirmative:

• I / You / We / They have studied English.
• He / She / It has finished the homework.

Negative:

• I / You / We / They have not (haven”t) seen that film.
• He / She / It has not (hasn”t) arrived yet.

Interrogative:

• Have you ever visited Paris?
• Has she finished her exam?

2. Regular and Irregular Past Participles

Regular verbs: add -ed (work → worked, play → played, study → studied)

Irregular verbs (must be memorised):

• go → gone, see → seen, eat → eaten
• write → written, speak → spoken, take → taken
• do → done, have → had, make → made
• know → known, give → given, begin → begun

3. Uses of Present Perfect

Use	Example	Signal Words
Experience (life experience)	I have never eaten sushi.	ever, never
Past action with present result	She has lost her keys. (Now she can”t enter)	—
Unfinished action (started in past, continues now)	He has lived here since 2010.	since, for
News / recent events	The president has just announced the results.	just, already, yet

4. Present Perfect vs Past Simple

Present Perfect	Past Simple
I have visited London. (no specific time)	I visited London in 2020. (specific time)
She has finished her work. (result now)	She finished her work an hour ago.
We have lived here for 5 years. (still now)	We lived there for 5 years. (finished)

5. BAC-Style Exercises

Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense

1. She _______________ (never / visit) the Sahara Desert.
2. They _______________ (live) in Algiers since 2018.
3. ________ you ________ (finish) your homework yet?
4. I _______________ (not / see) that film yet.
5. He _______________ (just / arrive) from France.

Answers:

1. has never visited
2. have lived
3. Have…finished
4. haven”t seen
5. has just arrived

Exercise 2: Choose the correct option (BAC style)

1. She __________ (has gone / went) to the supermarket. She will be back soon.
2. I __________ (have known / knew) him since primary school.
3. They __________ (have finished / finished) the project last week.
4. He __________ (has never been / never went) to Tamanrasset.

Answers: 1. has gone, 2. have known, 3. finished, 4. has never been

6. Summary

Present Perfect connects past and present. Use it for experiences, unfinished actions, and recent events. Remember signal words: ever, never, already, yet, just, since, for.

Keywords: Present Perfect, past participle, signal words, BAC English, grammar exercises