موضوع امتحان بكالوريا 2025 في اللغة الإنجليزية مع الحل – شعبة لغات أجنبية

Read the text carefully and answer the questions below:

Climate change is one of the most pressing challenges of our time. Its effects are already visible: rising global temperatures, melting polar ice caps, more frequent extreme weather events, and loss of biodiversity. Scientists warn that without immediate and decisive action, the consequences for future generations will be catastrophic.

International efforts to address climate change have intensified in recent years. The Paris Agreement of 2015 brought together nearly 200 countries in a commitment to limit global warming to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels. However, critics argue that the commitments made by individual nations are insufficient and that much stronger measures are needed.

At the individual level, people can contribute by reducing their carbon footprint: using public transportation, consuming less energy at home, adopting a plant-based diet, and supporting sustainable businesses. Yet individual actions alone are not enough. Systemic change requires governments to implement policies that encourage renewable energy, phase out fossil fuels, and invest in green technologies.

The transition to a sustainable future is not just an environmental necessity but also an economic opportunity. The renewable energy sector is creating millions of jobs worldwide, and countries that invest early in green technologies will have a competitive advantage in the global economy of the 21st century.

🔹 Part One: Reading Comprehension (12 points)

1. Comprehension (8 pts — 1.6 pts per item):
   a) Visible effects: rising global temperatures, melting polar ice caps, more frequent extreme weather events, loss of biodiversity. (Any three = full marks)
   b) The main goal of the Paris Agreement was to limit global warming to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels.
   c) Critics say the commitments made by individual nations are insufficient and much stronger measures are needed.
   d) Individual actions: using public transportation, consuming less energy at home, adopting a plant-based diet, supporting sustainable businesses.
   e) It creates millions of jobs worldwide and gives countries that invest early a competitive advantage.
2. Text Analysis (4 pts — 1 pt per item):
   a) The author argues that climate action requires both individual efforts and systemic/governmental changes — neither is sufficient alone.
   b) “Yet individual actions alone are not enough.” (contrast between individual and systemic change)
   c) “Systemic change” refers to fundamental transformations in economic, political, and social systems at the governmental and institutional level.
   d) The tone is urgent/concerned — evident from words like “pressing challenges,” “catastrophic consequences,” “without immediate action.”

🔹 Part Two: Written Expression (8 points)

Assessment criteria:

• Task achievement and text type adherence: 2 pts
• Coherence and logical progression: 2 pts
• Language accuracy (grammar, spelling, punctuation): 2 pts
• Vocabulary range and originality: 2 pts

Model answer — Topic 1 (argumentative essay):
Introduction — There is a widespread belief that young people today are more environmentally aware than previous generations. While this is largely true, they also face unique obstacles in translating this awareness into action.
Body (arguments for) — Young people are more exposed to environmental education at school, have access to information about climate change through social media, and are actively participating in global movements like Fridays for Future. Many consciously choose sustainable products and lifestyles.
Body (arguments against) — However, sustainable options are often more expensive, limiting access for young people with lower incomes. The same social media that raises awareness also promotes consumerism. Moreover, young people have less economic and political power to effect systemic change.
Conclusion — While young people are indeed more conscious, they cannot solve the climate crisis alone. Their awareness must be supported by government policies and economic systems that make sustainable choices accessible to all.