The Verb To Be (Am, Is, Are) — Present Simple — English — 1st Year Middle School — Algerian Curriculum

The verb “To Be” is the most important verb in English. It is used to talk about names, ages, nationalities, feelings, and descriptions. In this lesson, we will learn how to use the verb “To Be” in the present simple tense (affirmative, negative, and questions). This lesson is designed for first-year middle school students following the Algerian curriculum.

الأهداف التعليمية

• التعرف على تصريفات الفعل “To Be” (am, is, are)
• استخدام الفعل “To Be” في الجمل المثبتة (Affirmative)
• استخدام الفعل “To Be” في الجمل المنفية (Negative)
• تكوين الأسئلة باستخدام الفعل “To Be” (Questions)
• الإجابة عن الأسئلة بنعم/لا (Short answers)

الشرح المبسط

The Verb “To Be” (الفعل “يكون”): الفعل “To Be” يعني “يكون” أو “أكون” في اللغة العربية. في زمن المضارع (Present Simple)، له ثلاث تصريفات حسب الفاعل:

1. Affirmative (جملة مثبتة):

• I am (أنا) — I am a student. (أنا تلميذ)
• He / She / It is (هو / هي / هو لغير العاقل) — He is a teacher. (هو أستاذ)
• You / We / They are (أنت / نحن / هم) — We are friends. (نحن أصدقاء)

2. Negative (جملة منفية): نضيف “not” بعد الفعل:

• I am not (I’m not) — I am not a doctor.
• He / She / It is not (isn’t) — She is not (isn’t) French.
• You / We / They are not (aren’t) — They are not (aren’t) at home.

3. Yes/No Questions (أسئلة بنعم/لا): نضع الفعل قبل الفاعل:

• Am I …? — Am I late? (هل أنا متأخر؟)
• Is he / she / it …? — Is she a teacher? (هل هي أستاذة؟)
• Are you / we / they …? — Are you Algerian? (هل أنت جزائري؟)

4. Short Answers (إجابات قصيرة):

• Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.
• Yes, he/she/it is. / No, he/she/it isn’t.
• Yes, you/we/they are. / No, you/we/they aren’t.

📌 ملاحظة مهمة: في الإجابة القصيرة (Short answer)، لا نستخدم الاختصار في الإجابة المثبتة: نقول “Yes, I am” وليس “Yes, I’m”.

أمثلة محلولة

Example 1: Complete with am, is, or are.

1. I ____ a student. → I am a student.
2. She ____ my sister. → She is my sister.
3. They ____ from Algeria. → They are from Algeria.
4. It ____ a big school. → It is a big school.
5. We ____ in the classroom. → We are in the classroom.

Example 2: Make negative sentences.

1. He is a teacher. → He is not (isn’t) a teacher.
2. I am happy. → I am not (I’m not) happy.
3. They are at home. → They are not (aren’t) at home.

Example 3: Make questions and answer them.

1. You / happy? → Are you happy? Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.
2. She / a student? → Is she a student? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.
3. They / from Algeria? → Are they from Algeria? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.

تمارين تطبيقية

1. املأ الفراغ بـ am, is, are:
   a. My name ____ Ahmed.
   b. I ____ 11 years old.
   c. My parents ____ teachers.
   d. This ____ my school.
   e. We ____ classmates.
2. حوّل الجمل التالية إلى منفي (Negative):
   a. She is a doctor.
   b. I am from France.
   c. They are in the library.
3. كوّن أسئلة باستخدام الكلمات التالية ثم أجب عنها:
   a. you / tired?
   b. he / your brother?
   c. they / in the classroom?
4. صحّح الأخطاء في الجمل التالية:
   a. I is a student.
   b. She are my friend.
   c. We is from Algeria.

نشاط منزلي

اكتب 6 جمل عن نفسك وعائلتك باستخدام الفعل “To Be” (جملتين مثبتتين، جملتين منفيتين، سؤالين مع إجابتهما). مثلاً: “I am 12 years old. My mother is a nurse. I am not a teacher. My father is not at home now. Are you a student? Yes, I am.”

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Answer Key (الإجابات):

Exercise 1: a. is, b. am, c. are, d. is, e. are

Exercise 2: a. She is not (isn’t) a doctor. b. I am not (I’m not) from France. c. They are not (aren’t) in the library.

Exercise 3: a. Are you tired? Yes, I am. / No, I’m not. b. Is he your brother? Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t. c. Are they in the classroom? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.

Exercise 4: a. I am a student. b. She is my friend. c. We are from Algeria.

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📍 دروس مشابهة

• My School — اللغة الإنجليزية — السنة الأولى متوسط
• Greetings and Introductions — English 1st Year Middle School
• Colours and Numbers — English 1st Year Middle School