اللغة الإنجليزية

Cause and Effect Because, since, as, due to (cause). So, therefore, consequently (effect). Example He …

Comparatives and Superlatives Short adjectives: -er/-est (taller, tallest). Long: more/most (more beautiful, most beautiful). Irregular: …

Gerunds and Infinitives Gerund (verb-ing): subject, after prepositions, after certain verbs (enjoy, avoid, suggest).Infinitive (to+verb): …

Word Formation Prefixes: un- (unhappy), in- (impossible), dis- (disagree), re- (rewrite), mis- (misunderstand). Suffixes: -tion …

Future Tenses Will: spontaneous decisions, predictions, promises.Going to: plans, predictions based on evidence.Present continuous: fixed …

Reported Speech Present → past. Will → would. Can → could. Example “I will come …

Relative Clauses Defining: essential info (no commas). The student who studies hard will pass. Non-defining: …

Phrasal Verbs Verb + preposition/adverb = new meaning. Examples Look after (care for), give up …

Modal Verbs Can/could (ability), must/have to (obligation), may/might (permission/possibility), should (advice). Example You must not …

Present Perfect vs Past Simple Present Perfect: past with present relevance, experience, unfinished time. (have/has …