English — Expressing Cause and Effect: Because, Since, As, Therefore — Exercises — 2nd Year Secondary — Algerian Curriculum

Expressing Cause and Effect: Because, Since, As, Therefore

Expressing cause and effect is essential for clear writing and speaking. In English, we use various connectors to show why something happens and what results from it.

1. Expressing Cause

• Because + clause: “He stayed home because he was sick.”
• Because of + noun: “The match was cancelled because of the rain.”
• Since/As + clause: “Since you’re tired, you should rest.” (more formal)
• Due to/Owing to + noun: “The delay was due to technical problems.”

2. Expressing Effect/Result

• Therefore/Thus/Consequently + clause: “He didn’t study; therefore, he failed.”
• So + clause: “It was raining, so we stayed inside.”
• As a result + clause: “The company lost money. As a result, it closed down.”
• Such…that / So…that: “It was such a good film that I watched it twice.”

Exercises

1. Combine using “because”: “He passed the exam. He studied hard.”
2. Rewrite using “therefore”: “She was late. She missed the bus.”
3. Choose: “____ (Because/Due to) the storm, the flight was cancelled.”
4. Complete: “It was ___ a difficult test ___ nobody passed.” (such…that)
5. Write a paragraph about a cause-effect relationship in your life.

Related Lessons

See also Linking Words: although, despite, however and Expressing Purpose: to, in order to, so as to.

دروس مشابهة

• اللغة الإنجليزية — Gerunds and Infinitives: Rules and Usage — 2ثانوي — شعبة آداب
• اللغة الإنجليزية — Animal Names and Classification — 1st Year Middle School — Al
• اللغة الإنجليزية — Vocabulary: parts of the body (تمارين وحلول) — السنة الثالثة