English — Expressing Obligation: Must, Have to, Should — Exercises — 2nd Year Secondary — Algerian Curriculum

Expressing Obligation: Must, Have to, Should

In English, we use different modals to express obligation, necessity, advice, and prohibition. Understanding the difference between them is essential for clear communication.

1. Must (Strong Obligation – Internal)

Expresses a strong obligation from the speaker’s point of view. Example: I must study for the exam. You must wear a seatbelt. Negative (Prohibition): You must not (mustn’t) smoke here.

2. Have to (External Obligation)

Expresses a necessity coming from an external rule or authority. Example: I have to wear a uniform at school. She has to wake up early every day. Past: I had to work yesterday.

3. Should (Advice/Recommendation)

Used to give advice or express what is the right thing to do. Example: You should see a doctor. We should respect our parents. Negative: You shouldn’t eat too much sugar.

Comparison Table

• Must: Strong obligation (I say so). Neg: Prohibition (mustn’t).
• Have to: External necessity (rules/law). Neg: No necessity (don’t have to).
• Should: Advice/Recommendation. Neg: Advice not to (shouldn’t).

Exercises

1. Complete: “You ____ (must/should) brush your teeth twice a day.”
2. Choose the correct option: “We ____ (must/don’t have to) go to school on Friday – it’s a holiday.”
3. Rewrite using “should”: “It is a good idea to drink water.”
4. Correct: “You must to finish your homework.”
5. Write a paragraph giving advice to a friend using must, have to, and should.

Related Lessons

See also Modal Verbs: Can, May, Must, Should and Probability: May, Might, Could, Must, Can’t.

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