English — Relative Clauses: Defining and Non-Defining — BAC Literary Stream

Relative Clauses: Defining and Non-Defining

Relative clauses add information about a noun in the main clause. There are two types: defining and non-defining.

Defining Relative Clauses

• Provide essential information needed to identify the noun.
• No commas: “The student who studies hard will pass.”
• Relative pronouns: who (people), which (things), that (people/things).

Non-Defining Relative Clauses

• Provide extra, non-essential information.
• Use commas: “My brother, who lives in London, is a doctor.”
• Cannot use “that”.

Relative Pronouns

• Who: for people (subject).
• Whom: for people (object, formal).
• Which: for things and animals.
• That: for people and things (defining only).
• Whose: for possession.

Exercises

1. What is the difference between defining and non-defining clauses?
2. Combine: “The book is on the table. It is mine.”
3. Add commas where needed: “My sister who is a doctor works in Algiers.”

دروس مشابهة

• اللغة الإنجليزية — Vocabulary: places in town (تطبيقات) — السنة الرابعة متوسط
• اللغة الإنجليزية — Vocabulary: clothes and accessories (مفاهيم أساسية) — السنة ا
• اللغة الإنجليزية — Modal Verbs: must/have to — السنة الثانية متوسط