مدونة التربية و التعليم في الجزائر – دروس، فروض، نتائج امتحانات مدونة التربية والتعليم في الجزائر | تحضير الدروس، فروض واختبارات، نتائج البكالوريا وBEM، مسابقات التوظيف، والتوجيه المدرسي للطلاب وأولياء الأمور.
The Passive Voice
The passive voice is used when the action is more important than the doer, or when the doer is unknown. It is formed with “be” + past participle.
1. Formation
Subject + to be (conjugated) + past participle + (by agent). Example: “The house was built (by my grandfather).” The verb “to be” changes according to the tense. The agent (doer) is introduced with “by” when mentioned.
2. Passive Voice in Different Tenses
Simple Present: am/is/are + past participle (The book is read). Present Continuous: am/is/are being + past participle (The book is being read). Simple Past: was/were + past participle (The book was read). Past Continuous: was/were being + past participle (The book was being read). Present Perfect: have/has been + past participle (The book has been read). Future: will be + past participle (The book will be read).
3. When to Use Passive Voice
When the doer is unknown: “My car was stolen.” When the doer is obvious: “He was arrested” (by police). To emphasize the action: “The bridge was destroyed.” In formal writing: scientific texts, news reports. When the doer is not important: “The meeting has been postponed.”
4. Converting Active to Passive
Active: “Shakespeare wrote Hamlet.” → Identify object (Hamlet) → Make it subject → Use correct form of “be” + past participle → Add original subject with “by”. → Passive: “Hamlet was written by Shakespeare.”
5. Examples
Active: “The chef cooks the meal.” Passive: “The meal is cooked by the chef.”
Active: “They will finish the project.” Passive: “The project will be finished.”
Active: “Someone has stolen my phone.” Passive: “My phone has been stolen.”
Exercices
1. Convert to passive: “The teacher explains the lesson.”
2. Convert to active: “The window was broken by the boy.”
3. Why might we prefer passive in: “The test results have been announced”?