مدونة التربية و التعليم في الجزائر – دروس، فروض، نتائج امتحانات مدونة التربية والتعليم في الجزائر | تحضير الدروس، فروض واختبارات، نتائج البكالوريا وBEM، مسابقات التوظيف، والتوجيه المدرسي للطلاب وأولياء الأمور.
Talking about jobs and professions is an important skill in English. You need it when you meet new people, when you talk about your family, and when you think about your future career. In this lesson, we will learn the names of common jobs, how to ask someone about their job, and how to describe what people do.
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التحدث عن المهن والوظائف مهارة مهمة في الإنجليزية. تحتاجها عندما تقابل أشخاصاً جدداً، وعند التحدث عن عائلتك، وعند التفكير في مهنتك المستقبلية.
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Learning Objectives / الأهداف التعليمية
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- Name at least 20 common jobs and professions in English / تسمية 20 مهنة على الأقل
- Ask and answer questions about jobs / السؤال والإجابة عن المهن
- Use the verbs “work” and “be” to talk about professions / استخدام فعلي work و be للحديث عن المهن
- Distinguish between masculine and feminine forms (waiter/waitress, actor/actress) / التمييز بين صيغ المذكر والمؤنث
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Part 1: Jobs and Professions Vocabulary — مفردات المهن والوظائف
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| Job / المهنة | What they do / ماذا يعمل | Place / مكان العمل |
|---|---|---|
| Doctor / طبيب | Helps sick people / يساعد المرضى | Hospital / مستشفى |
| Teacher / أستاذ | Teaches students / يعلّم التلاميذ | School / مدرسة |
| Engineer / مهندس | Designs buildings/roads / يصمم المباني والطرقات | Office / مكتب |
| Police Officer / شرطي | Protects people / يحمي الناس | Police station / مركز شرطة |
| Farmer / فلاح | Grows food / يزرع الطعام | Farm / مزرعة |
| Nurse / ممرض | Cares for patients / يعتني بالمرضى | Hospital / مستشفى |
| Driver / سائق | Drives cars/buses / يقود السيارات والحافلات | Road / طريق |
| Chef / Cook / طبّاخ | Cooks food / يطبخ الطعام | Restaurant / مطعم |
| Pilot / طيار | Flies airplanes / يقود الطائرات | Airport / مطار |
| Singer / مغنٍ | Sings songs / يغني الأغاني | Stage / مسرح |
| Athlete / رياضي | Plays sports / يمارس الرياضة | Stadium / ملعب |
| Journalist / صحفي | Writes news / يكتب الأخبار | News office / مكتب أخبار |
| Firefighter / رجل إطفاء | Fights fires / يطفئ الحرائق | Fire station / مركز إطفاء |
| Pharmacist / صيدلي | Prepares medicines / يحضر الأدوية | Pharmacy / صيدلية |
| Lawyer / محامٍ | Defends people in court / يدافع عن الناس في المحكمة | Court / محكمة |
| Dentist / طبيب أسنان | Fixes teeth / يعالج الأسنان | Dental clinic / عيادة أسنان |
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Part 2: Grammar — How to Talk About Jobs — قواعد الحديث عن المهن
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1. Using the verb “To Be” — استخدام فعل الكينونة
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| Sentence / الجملة | Meaning / المعنى |
|---|---|
| I am a student. | أنا تلميذ |
| He is a doctor. | هو طبيب |
| She is a teacher. | هي أستاذة |
| They are engineers. | هم مهندسون |
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⚠️ Important: Use “a” or “an” before the job title!
\n✅ He is a doctor. / She is an engineer. / I want to be a pilot.
\n❌ He is doctor. (WRONG — missing article)
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2. Using the verb “Work” — استخدام فعل العمل
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| Sentence / الجملة | Meaning / المعنى |
|---|---|
| My father works in a hospital. | والدي يعمل في مستشفى |
| She works as a teacher. | هي تعمل أستاذة |
| They work in an office. | هم يعملون في مكتب |
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Part 3: Feminine Forms — صيغ المؤنث
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Some jobs have different forms for men and women. Here are the most common ones:
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| Masculine / مذكر | Feminine / مؤنث | Meaning / المعنى |
|---|---|---|
| Waiter | Waitress | نادل / نادلة |
| Actor | Actress | ممثل / ممثلة |
| Prince | Princess | أمير / أميرة |
| Businessman | Businesswoman | رجل أعمال / سيدة أعمال |
| Policeman | Policewoman | شرطي / شرطية |
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Note / ملاحظة: Many jobs today use the same word for men and women. For example: doctor, teacher, engineer, nurse, pilot, journalist, lawyer. This is more modern and respectful.
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Part 4: Reading Passage — نص للقراءة
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What Do They Do?
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Hello! My name is Amina. I am twelve years old and I am a student. Let me tell you about my family’s jobs.
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My father, Karim, is a doctor. He works in a big hospital. He helps sick people every day. My mother, Salima, is an engineer. She works in an office and designs buildings. My uncle Redha is a pilot. He flies airplanes to different countries. My aunt Fatima is a teacher. She teaches English at a middle school. My grandfather was a farmer. He grew vegetables and fruits on his farm. My grandmother was a nurse.
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What do I want to be? I want to be a journalist because I love writing stories about people and places!
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Part 5: Practice Exercises / تمارين تطبيقية
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Exercise 1: Match the job with the description / صِل المهنة بالوصف
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- Doctor a) Teaches students
- Teacher b) Flies airplanes
- Pilot c) Helps sick people
- Chef d) Puts out fires
- Firefighter e) Cooks food
- Farmer f) Grows food
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Exercise 2: Complete with “a” or “an” / أكمل بـ a أو an
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- My father is ________ engineer.
- She wants to be ________ doctor.
- He is ________ pilot.
- I want to be ________ astronaut!
- My sister is ________ nurse.
- They are ________ teachers.
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Exercise 3: Complete the sentences / أكمل الجمل
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- A ________ works in a hospital and helps sick people.
- A ________ flies airplanes.
- A ________ teaches students at school.
- A ________ grows food on a farm.
- A ________ cooks food in a restaurant.
- A ________ designs buildings.
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Exercise 4: Write the feminine form / اكتب صيغة المؤنث
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- waiter → ________
- actor → ________
- policeman → ________
- businessman → ________
- prince → ________
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Answer Key / الإجابات النموذجية
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Exercise 1: 1-c, 2-a, 3-b, 4-e, 5-d, 6-f
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Exercise 2: 1. an (engineer starts with vowel e), 2. a, 3. a, 4. an (astronaut starts with vowel a), 5. a, 6. (no article — “teachers” is plural)
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Exercise 3: 1. doctor/nurse, 2. pilot, 3. teacher, 4. farmer, 5. chef/cook, 6. engineer
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Exercise 4: 1. waitress, 2. actress, 3. policewoman, 4. businesswoman, 5. princess
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Summary / ملخص الدرس
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| What to say / ماذا تقول | Structure / التركيب | Example / مثال |
|---|---|---|
| What is your job? | What + be + pronoun + ? | What do you do? |
| My job | Pronoun + be + a/an + job | I am a teacher. |
| Where I work | Pronoun + work(s) + in/at + place | She works in a hospital. |
| Future job | Want to be + a/an + job | I want to be a pilot. |
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Pronunciation Tips / نصائح النطق
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- Engineer: /ˌen.dʒɪˈnɪr/ — stress on the last syllable (neer)
- Journalist: /ˈdʒɜːr.nə.lɪst/ — stress on the first syllable
- Pharmacist: /ˈfɑːr.mə.sɪst/ — stress on first syllable, the ‘ph’ sounds like ‘f’
- Firefighter: /ˈfaɪr.faɪ.tər/ — two ‘fire’ parts, compound word
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◆ Similar Lessons / دروس مشابهة
- Making Suggestions (Let’s, Why don’t we, How about) — English — 3rd Ye
- Countable and Uncountable Nouns — Some, Any, Much, Many — English — 3r
