اللغة الإنجليزية — Grammar: Reported Speech (Direct and Indirect) — 2 ثانوي — شعبة آداب — بكالوريا — المنهاج الجزائري

Grammar: Reported Speech (Direct and Indirect)

Reported speech is used to report what someone said without using their exact words. This is an essential grammar topic for the Baccalaureate English exam.

Direct vs Indirect Speech

• Direct speech: uses quotation marks and reports the exact words. She said, “I am happy.”
• Indirect speech (reported speech): reports the meaning without quotation marks. She said that she was happy.

Tense Changes in Reported Speech

Direct Speech	Reported Speech
Present Simple: “I work”	Past Simple: He said he worked
Present Continuous: “I am working”	Past Continuous: He said he was working
Past Simple: “I worked”	Past Perfect: He said he had worked
Present Perfect: “I have worked”	Past Perfect: He said he had worked
Will: “I will work”	Would: He said he would work
Can: “I can work”	Could: He said he could work
Must: “I must work”	Had to: He said he had to work

Other Changes

• Now → Then
• Today → That day
• Tomorrow → The next day / The following day
• Yesterday → The day before / The previous day
• Here → There
• This → That

Questions in Reported Speech

• Yes/No questions: use “if” or “whether”
• Wh- questions: use the question word
• Word order: subject + verb (not inverted)

Exercises

1. Change to reported speech: ‘She said, “I am studying.” He said, “I will call you tomorrow.” They said, “We have finished the project.”‘
2. Report the questions: ‘”Where do you live?” she asked. “Are you coming?” he asked.’
3. Write 3 sentences in direct speech and change them to reported speech.

📚 For more grammar, see The Passive Voice and Conditional Sentences.

📍 دروس مشابهة:

• اللغة العربية — قصة: الشهيد البطل (قصة وطنية) — السنة الخامسة إبتدائي — المنهاج الجزائري
• الرياضيات — تمارين محلولة في النهايات: حالات عدم التعيين — الثانية ثانوي (شعب علمية) — بكالوريا — المنهاج الجزائري
• الإعلام الآلي — الحلقات التكرارية في بايثون — الرابعة متوسط — المنهاج الجزائري