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اللغة الإنجليزية — Grammar: The Passive Voice (Present and Past Simple) — 2 ثانوي — شعبة آداب — بكالوريا — المنهاج الجزائري
The passive voice is used when the focus is on the action or the receiver of the action, not the person doing it. It is common in formal writing and scientific texts.
Formation of the Passive
Passive = subject + be (conjugated) + past participle + (by + agent).
- Present Simple Passive: am/is/are + past participle. Ex: The book is read by many students. Letters are delivered every day.
- Past Simple Passive: was/were + past participle. Ex: The book was written in 2001. The letters were sent yesterday.
When to use the Passive
- When the agent is unknown: My car was stolen last night. (We don’t know who stole it)
- When the agent is obvious: The thief was arrested. (By the police)
- When we want to emphasize the receiver: The President was welcomed by the crowd.
- In formal and scientific writing: The experiment was conducted in a laboratory.
Active to Passive Transformation
- Active: The chef cooks the meal. → Passive: The meal is cooked by the chef.
- Active: The students wrote the essay. → Passive: The essay was written by the students.
- Active: People speak English worldwide. → Passive: English is spoken worldwide.
Exercises
- Transform to passive: The teacher explains the lesson. → The lesson ___ ___ by the teacher.
- Complete: The film ___ (direct) by a famous director last year.
- Active to passive: Someone broke the window. → The window ___ ___ .
روابط ذات صلة
للاستزادة: Present Simple vs Present Continuous و Past Simple vs Past Continuous.
? دروس مشابهة
? Reported Speech: Direct to Indirect
? Vocabulary: Education and Learning